The role of Company Secretaries is no longer just taking instructions from the Board of Directors, such as preparing minutes and resolutions, issuance of notice of meeting and etc. Company Secretaries nowadays are playing active roles in respect of better compliance, advisory role and whistleblowers and etc.

Risk is an exposure to uncertainty where the outcome is unexpected. Risk can be defined as the potential that future outcomes will be different from what was planned, expected and anticipated. Risk at times can be anticipated and quantified, which can be pre-empted if the management is sensitive enough and implemented action. Uncertainty is a situation where lack of understanding, data and information that would cause difficulty to make reliable and sensible assessment of its impact and / or probability.